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I May 11,1926. I 583,802. A. SCHWARZ' I Filed 001. 12.192: 2sheets-sheet 1' Mas I INVENTOR 1 745:???- Jean A22 ATTORNEY May 111926.-

1,583,802 A. SCHWARZ PARACHUTE Filed Oct. 12, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVEN TOR A TTORNE Y Patented May 11, 1926.

UNITE STATES PATENT orrlca.

LLBEEIBOHWABZ, 01 NEW YORK, N. I, ASSIGNOB 0F ONE-ml TO ISIDOBI I.LASHIN QKY, 01' NEW YORK, N. Y.

PABAOEUTI.

Application filed October 12, 1983. Serial No. 888,088.

Dru/wings.

Figure 1 is a vertical section of a parachute, constructed and arrangedin accordance with the present inyention, the preferred form thereofbeing shown as in operation.

Figure 2 is -a side elevation showing a fragment of the same in foldedcondition.

Figure 3 is a detailed View on enlargedscale showing the preferred meansfor consection being taken on 'the line 6-6 in trolling the spread ofthe parachute. Figure 4 is a section thereof, the section being taken onthe line 4-4 in Fig. 3.

' Figure 5 is a detailed view showing a modified means for controllingthe spread of the parachute.

Figure 6 is a cross section thereof, the

Fig. 5.

' Description.

" I As seen in the drawings the preferred construction of the parachuteprovides an umbrella-like cover 11 which is spread on radially disposedribs 12, the inner ends whereof are ivotally mounted on a crown ring 13,simi ar in construction to that of the usual umbrella.

- The crown rin 13 is preferably fixed on a staff 14 on which slide thetelescopically arranged tubes 15 and 16. The tube 16 has an extension 17at the lower end of which is an anchorage ring 18 to which each of thevarious cables 19 is secured.

The outer ends of the cables 19 are made fast'to' the outer ends of theribs 12. The inner ends of the ribs 12 as above stated are pivotallyattached to the crown ring 13. Intermediate the ends of the ribs 12,each is secured to one of the brace rods 20, the inner ends whereof areeach givotally connected to the tube 15. The race rods 21 which arepivotally secured-to the tube 16 are also pivotally connected to therods 20 tobe acted upon by the collapsing of the ribs 12.

It will be seen in Fig. ,5 of the drawings that when the tube 15 isdrawn down or" retracted, the ribs 12 press 11', n and force downwardthe inner ends 0 the rods 21 and the tube 16 connected therewith. Thisoperation has the efiect .of compressing the spiral 5 ring 22 whichrests between and I 15 and 16 apart, as shown in Figures 1 and 3 of thedrawings, with the result that the rods '20 and 21 are spread outwardcarrying therewith the portions of the ribs 12-to are operativelyconnected.

From t e foregoing, it will be seen that when released, the sprin 22.mechanically operates to spread the ri s 12 of the parachute. It isequally obvious that when the which theyl tubes are drawn downward theribs 12 are contracted. For this purpose a Windlass 23 is furnished inthe preferred form of the construction, a handle 24 serving to operatewithin t e tubes 15 and 16. Whenpermitted the spring 22 expands andforces the tubes the same whenever the detent 25 engages y the teeth ofa ratchet 26 forined on the hub of the- Windlass.

The windlass 23 is normally .mounted loosely onthe shaft 27 with whichthe handle 24 is permanently enga e'd. Wound-on the Windlass 23 isalight ut strong cable 28, the free end of which is connected with thering 18. The operation of the Windlass 23 is manual, the operatorstandin u on a platform 29, which as shown best in ig. 3 of the drawingsis attached permanently to the staff 14.

In Fig. lot the drawings, there is-disclosed a plurality of parachutes,one fitting within the other. ihe ribs 30 of the larger parachute areretained in permanent relation to the ribs 12 by'the connecting cords31. By this means, whenever the lower ends. of the inner parachute arecontracted, the same result is obtained in the ribs of the outerparachute.

Both parachutes are provided at the apex thereof with suitable openingsor spillways for the air, as in parachutes of usual construction.

With a parachute constructed and arranged as above disclosed, oneseeking to make a descent with the parachutes in the folded condition asshown in Fig. 2 of the loo drawings, ste

is immediately isenga from the windlass 23, which'allows t e spring 22to ex-- pand with the result that the inner ends of the rods 20 and 21are forced apart to the position shown in Fig. 3, which operationforces-the ribs 12 outward 'to the fully opened position of theparachute. The normal stress exerted on the ribs 30 of the outerparachute quickly adjust these to the outspread position, the maximumcarrying 'ca- 15-and' 16 and the inner ends of the rods.

- the lower parachute.

pacit of the parachute being thus early estab ishe'd.

If now the operator desires to quicken his descent, he grasps the handle24 and by means of the grip 32, places the detent 25 in'e gement withthe teeth of the'ratchet 26 an begins to wind the Windlass 23. The

winding of the Windlass 23lowers the tubes 20 and .21, therebycontracting the spread of i 12 are drawn down in correspondence with.

the lowered position of the ring 18. This is alsotrue of the ribs30 ofthe larger parachute, the cords 31 accomplishing this pur- From the-foregoing, it willbe seen that the aviator may. at all times controlthe speed of descent of the parachute upon which he is a passenger.

In Figures 5 and 6, a modified form of the invention is shown, themodification consisting in the provision of a rack toothed section onthe stafl' 14. A- gear wheel 34 is engaged therewith to raise and lowerthe engaged with the wheel '34 only when the grip 36'is forced inward bythe hand of the rater when grasping the handle 37. '8 construction isbest shown in Fig. 6 of I the drawings.

off intospace with one or I V both feet on t e latform 29. The detent25The ends-of the ribs When it is desired to maintain in any establlshedposition the parachutes, the lock bars 38 and 39 are inserted in thepaths of the teeth of the ratchet 23 or in the path of.

the orifice 40 provided in, the wheel 34.

It is obvious, that while I have described a parachute having small andlarge carrymg members with means for contracting and expanding the loweredges or spreads thereof, that the construction may be variousl alteredWithout departing from the spirit of the invention.

It is also obvious that means associated with the tubes 15 and 16operatively connected with the material formin the openings or spillwaysat the apex 0% the parachutes may be employed for increasing ordinlinishin the said openings or spilivvays, with the e set that thedescent of the parachute would be altered in accordance with theoperation. This arrangement could be readilv effected by making fast orpermanent the lines or cords 19 and 31 on the staff 1 while others ofasimiiar character could connect the edges of the said spillways and thering 18 to operate so that with the adjustment of the said ring 18 thespiilway could be increased or diminished.

Claim: -In a'parachnte, a stafi, a ribbed chute assembly attachedthereto, a air of nesting sleeves slidable over said sta and in pivotalconnection with ribs of said parachute assembly, a spring on said staffcompressible between said sleeves for spreadmg said parachute oncompression release through movement of said sleeves, a slidable' rackbar in said staff, connection between said bar and parachute assembly,and manually operable rack bar operating means on said staff for movingsaid bar to contract said parachute against action of said spring,

ALBERT SCHWARZ.

